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Commentary


G158E pH1N1Transmission Between MN and IL Swine
Recombinomics Commentary 12:50
May 14, 2010

The US National Veterinary Labs in Ames, IA have released 8 more 2010 swine pH1N1 sequences.  Two of the eight had G158E, which has been designated as a low reactor by multiple labs using multiple approaches.  Previously, G158E had been reported in 2010 swine isolates from Minnesota.  These two isolates, A/swine/MN/8762-1/2010 and A/swine/MN/8762-2/2010 map to the same branch as A/swine/IL/12660/2010 signaling transmission of G158E between swine herds.  Previously, phylogenetic analysis had indicated pH1N1 was transmitting between swine herds in Minnesota, Illinois, and Iowa.  This observation was extended by the latest sequences, which includes HA identity between A/swine/MO/15534/2010 and two other isolates from Illinois, A/swine/IL/17315-1/2010 and A/swine/IL/17313-3/2010.

The above data describing the spread of pH1N1 throughout swine herds in the Midwest increases concerns that more swine polymorphism will enter the human flu reservoir via additional swine to human infections.  Similarly, the increases in infections in swine herds worldwide increase the evolution rate of pH1N1 and creates more opportunities for species jumps, including humans.

Recently released human sequences from India included an isolate with three newly acquire synonymous changes, and all three could be found on the same swine isolate from Hong Kong, identifying additional recombination between human pH1N1 and swine H1N2, providing additional data supporting swine flu reservoirs feeding human flu reservoirs.  The 1918 pandemic sequences have alternating regions matching human and swine H1N1 sequences.

The increase spread of pH1N1 in swine herds worldwide continues to increase pandemic concnerns.

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