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Commentary


H1N1 G158E and D225G In Nanjing China
Recombinomics Commentary 12:26
July 15, 2010

The most recent H1N1 sequences (collected June 30, 2010) from China were released today at Genbank. The isolate, A/Nanjing/1/2010, had 5 newly acquired polymorphism, and all five were non-synonymous. Included were S131P, which is widespread in China, as well as the low reactor marker, G158E as well as D225G, which is associated with fatal lung infections.
 
The presence of G158E and D225G in China was anticipated because of the large number of swine H1N1 isolates  from Guangdong province with both G158E and D225G.  The recent collection of Nanjing/1 raises concerns that these markers may be emerging as the flu season in the southern hemisphere approaches peak activity, as seen in the spike in cases in Australia.  This activity may be spilling over into regions in the northern hemisphere.  An increase in cases in India has been noted, including a hospitalized case from Australia.  In addition, ARI/influenza activity in Ukraine is approaching epidemic levels, which is unusual from July.
In the United States there has been a spike in pneumonia cases in Indiana, which has been attributed to “bronchitis” and “allergies” linked to “hot and humid weather”.  However, this speculation is nit supported by lab results and is similar to the misdiagnosis of H1N1 symptoms which was widespread in the United States just over a year ago as H1N1 spread through schools at the beginning of the new school year.

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